Volume 24 – Issue 2 (Apr – Jun 2015)

Provision of implant over-dentures (IODs) has become a popular treatment modality for edentulous patients. Oral rehabilitation carried out using dentures supported by endosseous implants greatly improves oral function and majority of the problems associated with the dentures i.e. poor stability and retention may be solved. Good success rates have been reported regardless of the attachment system used for the IODs however; the maintenance and complications may be influenced by the use of different attachment systems and other factors. The aim of the current paper is to briefly review the attachment systems used for IODs and the factors influencing their selection. Chair-side pickup Impression technique for mandibular implant over-denture is also briefly described.

Keywords:

1. Implant retained over dentures. 2. Implant retained prosthesis. 3. Implant attachment systems 4. Chair-side pickup impression

The surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion is a clinical surgical procedure which is used for the patients lacking in transverse match between upper and lower jaws and with malocclusions. Depending on the judgment of a clinician doing treatment, different kind of surgical procedures are adapted. In reality the best method chosen among the different procedure varies with the clinician’s personal subjective experiences. The aim of this study was to analyze the displacement (strain) and stress distributions using Finite Element Method (FEM) following the applications of different surgical procedures during surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion. Methods: There were two groups which were control and test group, subjects to which the FEM analysis was performed in this study. In control group non-surgical rapid maxillary expansion was applied while in test group surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion was applied. Results: This analysis allowed the choice of location for the surgical operations and determination of the procedures for the surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion. The maximum strain was substantially increased from Test 1 to Test 4 which was due to the application of pterygomaxillary separation and it is indicated that pterygomaxillary separation is the most effective surgical method for rapid maxillary expansion. Conclusion: This study predicted methodology of clinical treatments of patients with maximum efficiency in the shortest time on the basis of FEA.

Keywords:

Finite Element Analysis; Jaw Fracture; Rapid Maxillary Expansion; Surgical Procedure.

Introduction

Primary objective of root canal therapy is to eradicate microorganisms followed by perfect seal obtained by obturation of the root canal. The purpose of doing this study was to find out quality of apical seal of root canal obturated by cold lateral technique. For obturation, epoxy resin based sealer was used and tested at various interval of time period of at 1 week,4 weeks and 8 weeks.

Methodology

We selected 180 permanent extracted teeth with single root. x.smart protaper were used for canal instrumentation, obturation was done by lateral cold condensation. Samples were stored for 24 hours in an incubator .Finally, prepared tooth sample were divided into two major group. Control gp [n=30] and experimental group[n=150]. We sub divided the experimental group into further three sub group, containing fifty teeth each, representing the immersion period of 1 week, 4weeks and 8 weeks in methylene blue 5% dye, at a constant temperature of 37º. After storage the samples were sectioned and observed under stereomicroscope. Linear dye leakage was evaluated in millimeters. Statistical analyses was done by using SPSS of Windows V. 16.0 .Descriptive statistics were shown as Mean±SD in millimeters (mm).One Way ANOVA were used to evaluate the mean dye leakage value differences. The significance level was set at 0.05.

Result

Group A exhibited minimum leakage (2.53mm,SD ±0.87) followed by, Group B (2.69mm,SD±1.01) and Group C (2.77mm, SD±1.02) respectively. The difference amongst all three groups was statistically insignificant. (p=0.468). However 50% teeth in Group C showed grade 3 dye penetration with comparison to 40% and 30% in Group A and Group B.

Conclusion

Every samples leakage.. A gradual increase in mean leakage value was observed as the storage time increases. The differences amongst the groups remain insignificant (p=0.468)

Keywords

Apical seal, Apical microleakage, Resin based sealer.

Objective

To investigate the effect of covering curing tip with multi protective layers on vicker’s hardness of different composite resins.

Methodology

One hundred and twenty specimens were fabricated from a hybrid composite (ValuxTM Plus)(Group A), nano resin composite (Filtek- Z350)(Group B) and a nano ceramic composite (CeramoX)(Group C) by using polytetrafluoroethylene mold. Forty specimens of each material (Group A,B and C) were Forty specimen of each material (Group A,B and C)were then separated and divided in to four groups. Group A1/B1/C1 (control) cured with curing tip covered with Single wrap barrier; Group A2/B2/C2 cured with curing tip covered with two wrap barriers; Group A3/B3/C3 cured with curing tip covered with four wrap barriers; A4/B4/C4 cured with curing tip covered with eight wrap barriers. After finishing and polishing the specimens, microhardness test were performed using digital microhardness tester. The data collected were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc analysis with SPSS version 21.

Result

The mean micro hardness of micro hybrid composite was 71.58 ± 3.51 which was significantly less than micro hardness of nano composite and nano ceramic (P < 0.001). However, the micro hardness of both nano materials was not significantly different (P > 0.999). Sub groups analysis according to number of protective layers also showed significant difference. Microhardness of group A4/B4/C4 was significantly lowest than its other three counterparts.

Conclusion

Micro hardness was not affected by covering curing tip uptill four wrap barriers. On the contrary, a covering curing tip with eight wrap barriers reduced the micro hardness of all composite resins under study with maximum reduction observed in micro-hybrid group.

Keywords

Composite, Micro hardness, Multi protective layers, curing.

Objective

The aim of this study was to examine the surface hardness of denture base resins after immersed in four commercially available denture cleansers solution.

Study Design

In vitro experimental study.

Methodology

A Total of one hundred and four specimens of measuring 13 mm×4 mm were fabricated. These 104 specimens were randomly divided into six groups. Each group consists of 18 specimens. These groups were: baseline (0 day dry), artificial saliva (control);Fittydent denture cleanser tablets;Fixodentdenture cleanser tablets, polident and corega. After 60 days of immersion in their respective experimental group, the specimens were tested for Vickers microhardness with Vickers microhardness tester.Statistical analysis was carried out by using SPSS 16 version.

Result

There was statistically significant difference in the surface hardness among all groups (p < 0.001) after 60 daysof immersion.

Conclusion

Surface hardness of denture base resins decreased after immersion in denture cleansers.

Keywords

Denture base, Denture cleanser, Vickers microhardness.

Objective

Oral diseases have a variable epidemiology from region to region. There is paucity of reports on the range of diagnoses regarding soft tissue biopsies in pediatric patients in Saudi Arabia.

Aim

The study aimed to determine the frequency of histologically diagnosed lesions in softtissue biopsy specimens of patients between the ages of 0-18 years in a Saudi Arabian teaching hospital over a 30 year period.

Methodology

The histopathology diagnoses records with complete demographic data of pediatric patients whose soft tissue biopsies were diagnosed in the Histopathology laboratory of College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia between 1984 and 2013 were retrieved and reviewed, alongside their histopathology slides. The lesions were then classified into 8 broad categories.

Result

A total of 280 pediatric soft tissue biopsies diagnosed during this period had complete records. The male to female ratio was 0.74 and mean age was 12 years. Reactive lesions were most commonly seen (51.1%) followed by salivary gland lesions (26.4%). The most common specific lesions were pyogenic granuloma, mucous extravasation cysts and fibroma. The sites most commonly affected were gingiva, lips, buccal mucosa and tongue.

Conclusion

Oral soft tissue lesions in Saudi children were predominantly reactive and benignin nature and the frequencies of observed lesions are not significantly different from those from studies from other parts of the world despite relative cultural and environmental influences that would be expected to play a role in the prevalence of specific lesions.

Objective

Aim of our research was to assess the plaque score in the orthodontic patients in relation to gender, age and duration of orthodontic treatment.

Methodology

A cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Orthodontics, Liaquat Medical University Hospital, Jamshoro and private orthodontic clinics in Hyderabad. Included subjects were asked to chew the plaque disclosing tablet. Turseky modification of Quigley Hein Plaque index was used to calculate plaque score. Selected patients were asked to fill the questionnaire regarding plaque control measures.

Result

Mean plaque score was 4.29+1.58. Mean values of plaque for male and female were 2.42+0.70 and 2.51+1.99 respectively, this difference was statistically insignificant. Most of the patients were cleaning their teeth once a day and few were cleaning thrice a day. ANOVA showed insignificant differences in plaque score and duration of fixed appliance. There was insignificant (r=0.035, p =0.581) correlation between age and plaque score.

Conclusion

It was concluded that, plaque score was not influenced by gender, age or duration of fixed orthodontic treatment.

Keywords

Plaque index, orthodontic fixed appliances.

It’s likely that the participants enrolled in a study are diagnosed with certain health conditions that are unrelated to the main research objective but otherwise are fairly treatable and manageable; this poses a challenge to the investigators. It becomes more relevant when the trial subjects have no health insurance or if trial is being conducted in a community where basic health facilities are not readily available. Here, we report the dental services rendered to the participants enrolled in a community based, double blind, randomized controlled trial that was conducted atdistrict Jhelum. The pregnant women n=85 were inducted. After the completion of trial, a total of 109 subjects (trial participants and their attendants) were examined at the study site using a mobile dental unit at base camp. Scaling was the most frequent service (n=42, 38.5%) rendered followed by oral hygiene instruction (n=39, 35.7%) and extractions (n=20, 18.3%) in subjects.