Volume 23 – Issue 3 (July – September 2014)

OBJECTIVES:

To evaluate the effects of staining of two types lipsticks (one with common fixer other with ultra fixer) on the color stability of resin-based composite restorative material at different time intervals.

METHODOLOGY:

Ninety disc-shaped specimens (10×2 mm) were prepared from Nanofilled composite. Filtek Supreme XT (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA). Discs were polished and divided in to 9 groups according to time elapsed after curing (0 hour, 1 hour, and 24 hours) and contact with different lipstick (lipstick with common fixer, lipstick with ultra fixers). Color measurements (L*, a*, b*) of each specimen were taken with a spectrophotometer (Data color; SF 600; Plus-CT; USA) according to the CIELAB color scale. For control group discs did not have any contact with lipsticks. For lipsticks group discs were stained at different time intervals (0 hour, 1 hour and 24 hours). Color analysis was done before and after staining. Discs were stored in artificial saliva at 370c.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:

The color change value E* were calculated. Data were analyzed using a 2-way analysis of variance with repeated measurement at a significance level of 0.05 and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) for multiple comparisons.

RESULTS:

All specimens displayed color changes after curing, and there was a statistically significant difference between both lipsticks and time periods (P<0.05); however, the change was not visually perceptible (E*<3.3) for control group and group with common fixer. Color change for group with ultra fixer was visually perceptible (E*>3.3).

CONCLUSIONS:

Groups with ultra fixer caused greater staining than other groups. Therefore, lipstick wearers should be warned to avoid the use of lipsticks with ultra fixer after receiving composite restoration in anterior teeth for at least 24 hours.

KEY WORDS:

Composite resin; ultra fixer; common fixer.

PURPOSE:

To compare the frequency of Inter-appointment pain by employing crown-down and step-back technique through visual analogue pain scale at different time intervals.

METHODOLOGY:

60 patients were selected and divided in to two groups of 30 each. Group A has been instrumented by crown-down and Group B by step-back technique. Patients reported with inter-appointment pain after 24 hours and after 48 hours.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:

Data were collected and entered in SPSS version 10 for windows. Mean ± SD were presented for age of the patient and VAS. Male to Female ratio were presented for gender distribution. Chi-squared test were used to compare VAS between the two groups. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

RESULTS:

After 24 hours occurrence of inter-appointment pain was high in group B than group A but it is not statistically significant. After 48 hours inter-appointment pain was high in group B than group A but it is not statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONS:

The result of this study shows no significant difference in inter-appointment pain between crown-down preparation technique and step-back technique.

KEY WORDS:

Preparation techniques, step-back technique, crown-down technique, inter-appointment pain.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of ibuprofen and celecoxib in controlling post endodontic pain.

METHODOLOGY:

A Quasi Experimental study was conducted in the Operative Dentistry Department of Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine during fourteen months study period. One hundred patients who required root canal treatment and fulfilled the criteria of the study were equally divided into two groups, A and B. Patients in group A were given Ibuprofen and those in group B were administered Celecoxib for 2 days following treatment. Patients rated their pain on a visual analog scale at initial and then 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours after first visit of endodontic therapy. Data analysis was performed through SPSS version-13.0. Independent samples t-test was used with p-value <0.05 considered as significant.

RESULTS:

There was no statistically significant difference in post endodontic pain between the groups of patients taking Ibuprofen and Celecoxib. (p value: Pre-op 0.54, 4 hrs 0.62, 8 hrs 0.86, 12 hrs 0.57, 24 hrs 0.61, 48 hrs 0.09)

CONCLUSIONS:

Ibuprofen and Celecoxib have similar efficacy in controlling post endodontic pain.

KEY WORDS:

Ibuprofen, Celecoxib, Postoperative pain, Visual Analogue Scale.

OBJECTIVE:

Dental anxiety and fear are significant factors that deter patients from having dental care at a proper time. No study has reported its status in Pakistan. The aim of this study was to investigate dental anxiety among patients attending a periodontal clinic in a dental hospital in Pakistan.

METHODOLOGY:

All patients attending the periodontal clinic in Margalla dental hospital during 1st to 30th June 2013 were interviewed for their dental anxiety status. Dental anxiety was assessed through Corah’s dental anxiety scale (Q1-4). Five response levels of anxiety were compared among genders and age-groups. Chi-square test and regression analysis were applied for statistical association of the variables at the level of 0.050.

RESULTS:

Two hundred subjects with a mean age of 39.2± 15.0 participated in this study. The highest percentage of the participants (44%) were in lowest income group (Rs. 5000/-), 41% were in service and 84.5% of the subjects were from urban locations. Females were found to be significantly (p>0.004) more dentally anxious than males. Subjects age-groups (>/<34 years) showed no statistical (>0.059) difference for anxiety levels. In step wise regression analysis, only gender showed significant association with all the dental anxiety scales (p<0.041). Correlation analysis showed significant association of gender with Q1, 3, and 4 and age with Q3 and Q4.

CONCLUSIONS:

Dental anxiety was prevalent among majority of the study participants and showed a significant association with female gender, but no statistically significant relationship was noted with the other demographic factors in this study sample.

KEY WORDS:

Dental Anxiety, Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale, Periodontal Patients.

INTRODUCTION:

The objective of this study was to evaluate incidence of work-related musculoskeletal pain among dental students of Dow University of Health and Sciences, Karachi.

METHODOLOGY:

The study design was Cross-sectional. 290 students of 3rd year, 4th year and house officers were included in the study by convenient sampling method. The response rate was 90.6%. Data was gathered through self-compiled questionnaire and it consisted of demographic variables, pain related variables, sites of pain, interference with clinical work and awareness of appropriate working positions and postures. SPSS version 16 was used for statistical analysis. Chi-square test was applied between the presence of musculoskeletal pain, pain-related variables and the locations of pain. P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS:

Majority (76.2%) of students reported to have musculoskeletal pain, out of which back pain was experienced by 32.1% and neck pain by 32.4%. .Although 82.9% dental students knew the correct working posture, only 43.8% dental students’ worked corresponding to the guided working positions. Our results suggest a significant association between presences of musculoskeletal pain, pain-related variables and the locations of pain (p<0.05). We also found an insignificant association between operating postures and position of practitioner and the presences of musculoskeletal pain. (p=0.10).

CONCLUSIONS:

Most of the dental students were suffering from musculoskeletal pain in spite of being knowledgeable about correct work related posture.

KEY WORDS:

Musculoskeletal pain, dental students, working postures, Dental ergonomics.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this paper was to know about the knowledge, attitudes and practices of 6th grade students regarding oral health in rural areas of Mardan.

METHODOLOGY:

A total of 80 students (40 boys, 40 girls) from age group 11 to 13 years were selected for the study. Data was acquired by means of tailored close-ended questionnaires.

RESULT:

This study shows that 92.2% of study sample consider tooth brushing necessary but only 56.2% used a tooth brush, while less than one thirs (31.2%) brushed twice a day. Sixty seven percent were not aware that unhygienic dental treatment can cause hepatitis. The overall scores for knowledge, attitude and practice were quiet low.

CONCLUSION:

The knowledge, attitude and practices of 6th graders were poor.

KEY WORDS:

Caries, Gingivitis, Students, Toothbrush, Oral Health, Hepatitis, Knowledge, Attitude, Practice.

Gingival hyperpigmentation has become an important role for major number of young people nowadays. Although medical problems are not seen, but smile with display of black gums makes the appearance very unesthetic and is seen excess in patients with gummy smile. It is caused by excessive melanin pigment deposition secreted by melanocytes situated in suprabasal and basal cell layers of epithelium.

The latest treatment modality for gingival hyperpigmentation is use of lasers for depigmentation because of its innumerable advantages over conventional scalpel techniques. Hereby we report a case on the cosmetic correction of gingival depigmentation using a diode laser with excellent results.

KEY WORDS:

Diode Laser, 980 nm, Gingiva, Melanin Hyperpigmentation, Depigmentation.

Amelogenesis Imperfecta (AI) is a severe disorder affecting patient’s quality of life with relation to their oral health and may have serious psychological impact on them. From this point of view, people with AI need extensive treatment. While planning the treatment, several factors must be taken into account like patient’s age, their affordability, pattern and the nature of AI. Moreover, although rare, some dental anomalies may accompany the AI cases.

This case report presents restorative management of an Autosomal Recessive Rough Hypoplastic AI. The patient was looking for a cost effective solution of her aesthetic problem and replacement of her missing teeth. The management of her case involved direct and indirect restorations. Contemporary treatment modalities comprising of adhesive restorative techniques, removable partial dentures and stainless steel metal crowns were used in this case report. Patient reported her comfort with the restorative treatment on her follow up visits. HOW TO CITE: Shahbaz U, Quadir F, Hosein T . Autosomal Recessive Rough Hypoplastic Type-1 Amelogenesis Imperfecta. J Pak Dent Assoc 2014; 23(3):131-135