Volume 23 – Issue 1 (January – March 2014)

OBJECTIVE:

To review the significance of Nasoalveolar Molding in achieving Nasal Symmetry in Cleft lip and Palate patients before Lip repair.

METHODOLOGY:

A Data search was performed based on available electronic data base, hand search articles and books since 1994-2010. This included Cochrane data base, medline, pubmed, research journals, and papers. The total of nearly 900 articles were found related to naso alveolar molding among which filtered results showed with 302 randomized control trials. Inclusion criteria included both unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate cases who had presurgical nasoalveolar molding with nasal stents ; prior to primary lip repair ,whilst the exclusion criteria was syndromic patients, ,interrupted treatment timings, more than six months of age, immunocompromised, autoimmune diseases ,previous history of lip or nasal surgery before nasoalveolar molding for any reasons. Overall 28 studies met the basic inclusion criteria.

RESULTS:

Nasal symmetry is preferably well acheived by Nasoalveolar Molding.

KEY WORDS:

Unilateral Cleft lip Palate, Bilateral Cleft lip Palate, Nasoal veolar Molding, Rhinoplasty, Gingivoperiostoplasty, Cheiloplasty.

Flowable composites are of low viscosity and a modification of s mall particle-filled and hybrid composites. They have reduced filler load and modified resin monomers which provide a consistency that allows the material to flow readily. They have better adaptability to cavity walls thus preventing microleakge.

OBJECTIVE:

Facial pain is considered to be one of the most common chronic head and neck pain seen in routine dental practice ^{1, 2}. Myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome is much more frequent findin g within the larger chronic pain umbrella of head and neck pain ^{3, 4} . The purpose of this study was to observe factors associated with myofacial dysfunction syndrome in patients attending the operative department of Hamdard University Dental Hospital.

METHODOLOGY:

One hundred and five patients with Myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome were examined. The factors that were recorded were: age, gender, marital status, masticatory muscle tenderness, presence of joint sounds, parafunctional habits, neck pain, headache, and stress related to domestic issues, and history of poor sleep pattern.

RESULTS:

One hundred and five patients were studied, and out of them 89 were females and 16 males. The selected subjects were between 19 to 70 years. Stressful life style and tenderness of temporalis muscle were frequent finding.

CONCLUSION:

Domestic stresses are closely associated with patients suffering from MPDS patients. Patients present with a myriad of sign and symptoms of varying intensity. Proper history and examination are very important to make a proper diagnosis. Counseling the patients on how to cope with stresses should be an integral part in managing these patients along with pharmacotherapy where indicated.

KEY WORDS:

Myofacial pain dysfunction syndrome, Stress, Mastication.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the association of oral health knowledge of parents in relation to dental caries of their children.

METHODOLOGY:

This cross sectional study was undertaken in Malir Town, Karachi. Oral examination of 399 school going children enrolled in local private schools was carr ied out to assess their dental caries status. A Self-administered questionnaire was used to gauge oral health knowledge of parents.

RESULTS:

Study sample comprised of 49% boys and 51% girls. The prevalence of dental caries was 70 % with a mean DMFT score of 1.4. was significantly higher among girls compared to boys. The dental caries increased as the age increased from 12 year age to 15 year. Parents were aware that regular visits to dentist can prevent dental caries but there were large numbers of parents who visited dentist when there was the pain in teeth.

CONCLUSION:

The current study found that female students had relatively higher odds of dental caries than compare to males. Parent’s knowledge of oral hygiene had effect on their children oral health. Oral health programmes should be performed in future for the oral health care awareness for both children and their parents.

KEY WORDS:

Dental caries, socio economic status, parents dental knowledge. DMFT

OBJECTIVE:

The objectives of this study was to evaluate the severity of post-obturation pain following single visit and two visit root canal treatment using VAS (Visual Analogue Scale)and to determine the correlation between pre-obturation and post-obturation pain.

METHODOLOGY:

This was a Quasi Experimental study that was conducted in the Operative Dentistry Department of Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine was done in duration of six months. Sixty patients were selected. After access preparation, working length was determined by Periapical radiograph. Canal preparation was done by Step-Back technique using K-files and obturation was done by lateral condensation of gutta percha. In two visit group, canal preparation was completed in first visit and obturation was carried out at a later date. Data analysis was performed through SPSS version-13.0. Repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square and Pearson’s correlation (r) were used with p-value <0.05 considered as significant.

RESULTS:

After postoperative 4 hours, the mean VAS in single root canal visit group was 4.7±2.96 and 2.8±1.73 in two root canal visit group. The mean VAS score of two visits for postobturation pain after 12 and 24 hours was less in as compared to one visit treatment. Data showed direct correlation in pre-operative pain and post-obturation pain in both groups.

CONCLUSION:

No advantage was observed when one-visit and two-visit root canal treatment were compared regarding post-obturation pain in the initial 4 hours, but two-visit root canal treatment showed better results in terms of post-obturation pain after 12 and 24 hours. Though the present study reported favourable results in two- visit root canal treatment regarding post-obturation pain.

KEY WORDS:

One visit endodontic treatment, , Pre-operative pain, Post-obturation pain, Two visit endodontic treatment, Visual Analogue Scale.

OBJECTIVE

the clinicians in teaching institutions and private practices of Karachi and to compare the preferences of dental material and technique selection by the two groups.

METHODOLOGY:

It was a cross sectional study conducted at dental departments of academic institutions and selected dental practices in different parts of Karachi. The sample comprised of 71 subjects in the teaching while 97 subjects in the non-teaching group. Stratified random sampling was carried out. Data were obtained using a structured, self-administered questionnaire comprising of 10 questions. Chi square test of independence was used to asses, if pattern of services are different between the two groups. Kappa statistic was applied to assess the reliability of the information.

RESULTS:

The response rate in teaching group was 94.67% (71 out of 75) while in the practitioners group it was 44.1% (97 out of 220). The reliability of the information obtained in this study is considered as acceptable to good (Kappa value 0.53 to 0.72). There are significant differences between the groups regarding choice of restorations for cavities. The preferences regarding the use of Rubber Dam, Inlay-Onlay preparations, Gold crowns, Dentine pins, Amalgam Bonding, use of Retraction Cords, use of Bleaching Agents for teeth whitening and Porcelain Veneers were significantly different between the groups. All of these services are provided by a greater number of teaching dentists than the private practitioners.

CONCLUSIONS:

There are statistically significant difference in the preferences, selection of dental materials and pattern of dental services provided by the teaching dentists as compared to the private practitioners.

The goal of periradicular surgery is to eliminate the periradicular inflammatory tissues and seal the apical foramen to create optimum conditions for healing through the regeneration of tissues, including the formation of a new attachment apparatus which is achieved by thorough curettage of the lesion. It includes removal of the pathological periradicular tissues for visibility and accessibility to facilitate the treatment of the apical root canal system, or sometimes for the removal of harmful foreign materials present in the periradicular area. This case report describes the non-surgical and surgical endodontic treatment of a large cyst-like periradicular lesion in a 22-year-old male patient in the left maxillary anterior region. Conservative root canal treatment was carried out for the non-vital teeth, followed by peri-radicular surgery. The clinical and radiographic examinations after a five- year follow up period revealed complete periradicular healing. The appropriate diagnosis of periradicular lesions and the treatment of infected root canal systems allowed complete healing of these large lesions with endodontic surgery.

KEY WORDS:

Periradicular surgery, Root canal treatment, Healing. Cyst, Curettage.