Volume 21 – Issue 4 (October – December 2012)

OBJECTIVE

The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of Musculoskeletal disorders that is backache, neckache and pain in fingers in Dentists working in Peshawar, Pakistan and to explore their association with gender of the dentist, number of working hours per day, number of patients treated per day, working posture and break between patients as well as duration of practice in years.

METHODOLOGY

This questionnaire based survey was conducted on 104 dentists working in the private and public sector dental hospitals of Peshawar through a self administered. The questionnaire consisted questions about pain in the back neck & fingers and the working habits of the dentists. Chi-square test was used to explore the relationship between musculoskeletal pains with other study variables.

RESULTS

Our sample consisted 66.1% general dentists and 43.9% specialists. There were 60 males (68.2%) and 28 females (31.8%). Almost 56% of the dentists experienced backache, 41% had pain in the neck while 32% hand pain in fingers. Backache was found to be significantly associated with working position, years in practice; number of patients treated per day and breaks taken between patients, neck pain was related to years in practice while finger pain was not fund to be associated with any of the variable studies.

CONCLUSION

Dentists working in teaching dental institutions of Peshawar, Pakistan experience pain in the back and neck musculature. This pain is related to working conditions of the dental practitioners.

KEY WORDS

Dentist, Musculoskeletal pain, Pakistan

OBJECTIVE

To determine the difference between intercanine and intermolar width in class I,II&III malocclusion groups.

METHODOLOGY:

Initial orthodontic study casts of CLASS I, CLASS II DIV 1, CLASS II DIV 2 & CLASS III subjects coming to the Orthodontic Department of the Dr.Ishrat-Ul-Ebad Khan Institute Of Oral Health Sciences were selected. The sample included total 100 patients[25 in each group] including both male and female, with a mean age of 20years (17-25 years). The transverse widths of maxillary and mandibular dental casts was measured by universal digital calliper. Statistical analysis was done by using independent sample t-test for comparison among CLASS I, CLASS II DIV 1 and DIV 2 & CLASS III.

RESULTS:

Maxillary arch was found to be narrower in CLASS II DIV1. In CLASS II DIV 2 intermolar width is widest overall. Whilst in CLASS III malocclusion intercanine and intermolar width is significantly wide in mandible. Also intermolar width in maxillary arch was found to be wide in CLASS III.

CONCLUSION

In our study, mean intercanine and intermolar width is significantly different in CLASS I ,CLASS II DIV1. CLASS II DIV2 & CLASS III groups.

KEYWORDS:

Intercanine width, intermolar width, malocclusion.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to evaluatethe reliability of a new cephalometric sagittal analysis i.e. Beta angle in Pakistani population and to compare its accuracy with angle ANB.Material and methods:One hundred and one pre-treatment cephalometric radiographs were traced and divided into 3 skeletal classes (class I, II, and III) based on angle ANB measurement. Betaangle was also traced and measured to obtain the values in all the skeletal classes and to compare with ANB angle to check the reliability.Results: The mean value of Beta angle for Class I skeletal pattern was (30.4°) ±2.6 SD, whilemean value for class II patients was (26.9°) ±6 SD. Beta angle for skeletal class III cases was (34.7°) ±5.4 SD. There was statistically significant negative correlation between ANB and Beta angle (r=0.59) while comparison of all skeletal classes also show significant difference between groups (p=0.00). Conclusion: Beta angle can be an alternate analysis to diagnose sagittal skeletal discrepancies with equal accuracy.

KEYWORDS

Beta angle, Cephalometric Analysis, ANB.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of this research were to evaluate the incidence of bacteremia associated with oral surgical and invasive procedures and determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern.

METHODOLOGY

A Total of 250 patients between 20 to 50 years of age were selected for this study who underwent different oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures for treatment of dental or periodontal disease. Clinical history was recorded from these patients. Blood samples were collected in blood cultures bottles with Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) and incubated at 37°C for 7 days. After incubation sub culturing was done on a suitable media for bacterial growth and plates were incubated for 24-48 hours at 37°C. Colonies were identified by colony morphology, gram’s staining and standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity was done by disc diffusion method.

RESULTS

Bacteremia was detected in 90 % of cases most commonly affecting the females. Tooth extraction (55%) was major cause of bacteremia. Major isolates were Staphylococcus aureus 56%, Escherichia .coli 25%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 13%, Salmonella typhi 4% and Shigella spp.2%. Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that all microbial isolates were sensitive to commonly used antibiotics.

CONCLUSION

Majority of the patients have post treatment bacteremia. Female gender and Tooth extraction, were associated with increased incidence of bacteremia. Most of the antibiotics were sensitive for different microorganisms isolated from oral surgical procedure.

KEYWORD

Bacteremia, Antibiotic resistance, oral surgical procedures

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this study was, “To assess the preoperative accuracy of dental panoramic tomography (DPT) in determining the root curvature of mandibular third molar tooth using post surgical findings as gold standard.”

METHODOLOGY

Patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were examined by the researcher. After complete history and examination, DPT’s of total one hundred and three cases(n=103) were assessed preoperatively. The researcher traced the outline of the root morphology of mandibular third molar tooth on cephalomatric tracing sheet followed by the extraction of tooth under general or local anaesthesia and postsurgical findings for root curvature were compared with presurgical assessment. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 10-0. Qualitative variables such as frequency distribution of gender, mean, standard deviation and standard error of mean of age was also determined. In this study, the accuracy of DPT in determining the root(s) curvature of mandibular third molar tooth after comparing with post surgical findings was assessed by using tests of validity i.e. sensitivity and specificity, positive predictive value (PPV)and negative predictive value(NPV) .

RESULTS

The mean age was calculated as 28.11 years (SD+3.99 & SEM0.39). ? The frequency distribution for male and female patients was calculated as 47. 6% (n=49) and 52.4 %(n=54) respectively. The overall sensitivity and specificity were calculated as 30.16% and 92.5% respectively. The PPV and NPV was 86.3% and 45.68% respectively. The total number of root curvatures found on DPT was 22 (TP+FP= 19+03=22) and those found after surgery was 63 (TP+FN= 19+44= 63) respectively.

CONCLUSION

In the light of above study it was concluded that the accuracy of DPT in determining the root curvature of Mandibular third molar tooth was low. The surgeons and GDPs must keep in mind the limitation and possibility of bias while prescribing DPT as a preoperative radiological investigation while planning for the mandibular third molar extractions.

KEYWORDS

Radiography, Panoramic Tomography, Dental, Molar, Third

INTRODUCTION

Trigeminal Neuralgia is the disorder of fifth cranial nerve with unknown etiology. Due to its unknown etiology its treatment is controversial. Various treatment options are available. Every treatment has its own advantages and disadvantages depending on the age of the patients.

Objective

The study was design to compare the post-operative pain relief/recurrence in trigeminal neuralgia after cryosurgery and peripheral neurectomy.

METHODOLOGY

The was a quasi-experimentalstudy carried out on sixty patients of Trigeminal neuralgia.The duration of study was from April 2006 to June 2011. They were divided into two groups. Thirty patients were treated by cryosurgery and 30 patients with peripheral neurectomy. They were assessed for post-operative pain after the procedures at different follow-up time, for ten months.

Results

Patients treated by either procedure (cryosurgery, peripheral neurectomy) showed mild difference in postoperative pain relief i.e.76.6% in cryosurgery and 60% for neurectomy after ten months of the procedures.

CONCLUSION

Based on this study, both procedures (cryosurgery and peripheral neurectomy) were equally effective in short-term relief of pain (2-10 months) in patients with trigeminal neuralgia.

KEY WORDS

Trigeminal neuralgia, cryosurgery, peripheral neurectomy, post-operative pain

SUMMARY

patients traumatic injuries offer considerable challenges to their restoration of aesthetics and function. this article presents the rehabilitation of one such patient maxillary conventional complete denture and an implant- supported mandibular overdenture. The selection of the removable implant prostheses was based on the extremely unfavourable maxillary to mandibular anterior bone height ratio of 1:4.